SCOTCH PINE PINUS SYLVESTRIS

SCOTCH PINE (Pinus sylvestris L.) +

Synonyms :
P. nigra f. pygmaea (Carrière) Rehder, P. sylvestris f. nana (Carrière) Lipa. Eclectic FEL and German MAD treat scotch pine (P. sylvestris L.) colloquially as “fir-leaf.” I suspect that the EOs and turpentines of the pines, firs, spruces, etc., are as confused as the frankincense and myrrhs.

Activities (Scotch Pine) :
Analgesic (f; BGB); Antiarthritic (f; BGB); Antibacterial (1; BGB; HH2; JBU); Antieczemic (1; BGB); Antirheumatic (f; EFS); Antiseptic (1; BGB; HH2; KOM; PIP); Antispasmodic (1; HH2); Antiviral (1; BGB); Bitter (1; EFS); Bronchospasmolytic (1; HH2); Candidicide (1; HH2); Circulostimulant (1; KOM; PH2); Decongestant (1; BGB; PNC); Diuretic (f; EFS; MAD); Expectorant (1; EFS; HH2; PNC); Fungicide (1; HHB); Pectoral (f; EFS); Rubefacient (2; BGB; HH2; KOM; PIP); Secretolytic (2; BGB; HH2; KOM; PIP); Vasoconstrictor (1; BGB); Vulnerary (f; EFS).

Indications (Scotch Pine) :
Acne (f; MAD); Adenopathy (f; MAD); Arthrosis (f; BGB; MAD); Asthma (f; MAD); Bacteria (1; BGB; HH2; JBU); Blood Pressure (2; PH2); Bronchosis (2; MAD; PH2); Burn (f; PH2); Cancer, anus (f; JLH); Cancer, feet (f; JLH); Cancer, nose (f; JLH); Cancer, spleen (f; JLH); Cancer, uterus (f; JLH); Candida (1; HH2); Carbuncle (f; MAD); Catarrh (2; BGB; KOM; PIP); Cold (2; PH2; PNC); Colic (f; MAD); Condyloma (f; JLH); Congestion (1; BGB; PH2; PNC); Coryza (f; BGB); Cough (2; PH2; PNC); Cramp (1; HH2); Cystosis (f; PH2); Dermatosis (f; MAD; PH2); Eczema (1; BGB; MAD; PH2); Emaciation (f; MAD); Empyema (f; MAD); Epididymosis (f; MAD); Escherichia (1; HH2); Fever (2; PH2); Fungus (1; HHB; HH2); Furuncle (f; MAD); Gallstone (f; MAD; PH2); Gastrosis (f; MAD); Gonorrhea (f; MAD); Gout (f; MAD); Hematuria (f; MAD); Hemoptysis (f; MAD); High Blood Pressure (1; FNF); Hoarseness (f; PH2); Hypochondria (f; MAD); Hysteria (f; MAD); Immunodepression (2; PH2); Induration (f; JLH); Infection (1; HHB; JBU; MAD; PH2); Inflammation (f; PH2); Insomnia (f; MAD); Ischiosis (f; MAD); Itch (f; PH2); Laryngosis (1; BGB); Lumbago (f; MAD); Mucososis (f; MAD); Mycosis (1; HHB; HH2); Myosis (2; PIP; PH2); Nephrosis (f; MAD); Neuralgia (2; KOM; MAD; PIP; PH2); Pain (2; BGB; MAD; PH2); Pharyngosis (2; PH2); Polyp (f; JLH); Proctosis (f; JLH; MAD); Pulmonosis (f; MAD); Respirosis (2; BGB; KOM; PIP); Rheumatism (2; BGB; EFS; FEL; KOM; PH2); Rhinosis (f; PH2); Rickets (f; MAD); Salmonella (1; HH2); Scabies (f; PH2); Scrofula (f; MAD); Sore (f; MAD); Sore Throat (f; FEL); Splenosis (f; JLH); Staphylococcus (1; HH2; X10857921); Stomatosis (2; PH2); Swelling (f; MAD); Sycosis (f; MAD); Toothache (f; MAD); Tuberculosis (1; HH2; MAD); Urethrosis (f; MAD); Urticaria (f; PH2); Uterosis (f; JLH); Virus (1; BGB); VD (f; MAD); Water Retention (f; EFS; MAD); Wound (f; MAD; PH2); Yeast (1; HH2).

Dosages (Scotch Pine) :
2–3 g shoots, or add several drops EO to hot water and inhale (KOM; PIP); 5–15 drops turpentine (MAD); massage with 10–50% EO in medium (PIP).

Contraindications, Interactions, and Side Effects (Scotch Pine) :
None for whole herb. EO contraindicated in bronchial asthma and pertussis (BGB); may irritate mucous membrane and skin, and may increase bronchospasm. No drug-drug interactions reported (KOM; PIP). Only P. strobus covered by AHP. EOs of P. mugo, P. nigra, P. pinaster, P. pumilio, and P. sylvestris are conveniently amalgamated in the literature, convenient because few botanists can tell the pines apart, much less isolated parts or components of the pine, like EOs and turiones. The PDR suggests that Commission E approves pine shoots (turiones), the oils, and the turpentines for blood pressure problems (turiones only), bronchosis, the common cold, cough, fever, neuralgia pharyngosis, stomatosis, and a tendency to infection ( = weak immune system?) (PHR). Pollen is said to contain testosterone (FNF). Only P. strobus is covered by AHP.