BOGBEAN MENYANTHES TRIFOLIATA

BOGBEAN (Menyanthes trifoliata L.) +

Activities (Bogbean):
- Anabolic (f; DEM); Antiedemic (1; FNF); Antihemorrhagic (1; FAD); Antiinflammatory (1; APA); Antileukotriene (1; FNF); Antimelanomic (1; JAD); Antiprostaglandin (1; FNF); Antipyretic (f; EFS); Antiseptic (f; PH2); Antispasmodic (1; APA); Aperitif (1; APA; CEB; DAW; EFS); Astringent (f; FEL); Bitter (2; JAD; PHR); Cholagogue (f; DAW; EFS); Choleretic (1; APA; CAN; FAD); Deobstruent (f; DAW; EFS; PNC); Depurative (f; DAW; EFS); Diaphoretic (f; CEB; DAW); Digestive (1; APA; FAD); Diuretic (f; CAN; CEB; DAW); Emetic (1; CAN; CEB; DAW; EFS); Emmenagogue (f; CEB); Gastrostimulant (2; KOM; PHR; PH2); Hemolytic (1; CAN); Hepatoprotective (1; APA); Hypnotic (f; DAW; EFS); Hypoglycemic (f;
MAD); Intoxicant (f; DAW); Laxative (1; APA; CAN; DAW; EFS; FEL); Narcotic (f; DAW; EFS; WOI); Nervine (f; DAW; EFS); Sedative (f; DAW; EFS); Sialagogue (2; APA; KOM; PHR; PH2); Stomachic (1; CAN; DAW); Tonic (1; DEM; DEP; DAW; FAD; FEL); Vermifuge (f; DAW).

Indications (Bogbean):
- Ague (f; CEB); Amenorrhea (f; MAD; PH2); Anemia (f; MAD); Anorexia (2; APA; CEB; DAW; EFS; KOM; PHR; PH2); Aposteme (f; JLH); Arthrosis (f; CAN; MAD); Asthenia (f; CAN); Bacteria (1; ABS); Bleeding (1; FAD); Cachexia (f; FEL); Cacoethes (f; JLH); Cancer (f; CEB; JLH); Cancer, colon (1; FNF; JLH); Cancer, intestine (1; FNF; JLH); Cancer, liver (1; FNF; JLH); Cancer, skin (1; FNF; HHB; JLH); Cancer, stomach (1; FNF; JLH); Carcinoma (f; JLH); Catarrh (f; HHB); Cholera (f; MAD); Cold (f; MAD); Constipation (f; APA; DAW; DEM); Cough (f; CEB; HHB); Cramp (1; APA); Dermatosis (f; APA; CEB; FAD); Diabetes (f; MAD); Diarrhea (f; CEB); Dropsy (f; FAD; FEL); Dry Mouth (2; APA; KOM; PHR);
Dysmenorrhea (f; MAD); Dyspepsia (2; KOM; PHR; PH2); Edema (1; FNF; PH2); Endothelioma (f; JLH); Enterosis (f; JLH; PH2); Epithelioma (f; JLH); Fever (f; APA; CEB; DAW; EFS; FAD; FEL); Flu (f; DEM); Furuncle (f; PH2); Gas (f; DEM; HHB; MAD); Gastrosis (1; MAD; PH2); Glomerulonephrosis (f; ABS; FNF); Gout (f; CEB; PH2; MAD); Headache (f; MAD; PH2); Heartburn (f; MAD); Hemoptysis (f; CEB; DEM); Hemorrhoid (f; MAD); Hepatosis (1; APA; CEB; FAD; JLH); Hyperacidity (f; MAD); Hyperglycemia (f; MAD); Hypochondria (f; MAD); Infection (1; PH2); Inflammation (1; APA; FNF); Insomnia (f; DAW; EFS; PH2); Jaundice (f; MAD; PH2); Lethargy (1; DEM; FAD); Malaria (f; APA; FEL; PH2); Melanoma (1; FNF; JAD); Migraine (f; HHB); Nephrosis (f; ABS; FNF); Nervousness (f; DAW; EFS; MAD); Neuralgia  (f; MAD); Otosis (f; PH2); Pain (f; CEB; DEM); Rheumatism (f; APA; CAN; CEB; DEM; FEL); Sarcoma (f; JLH); Scabies (f; PH2); Scrofula (f; CEB; MAD); Seasickness (f; MAD); Sore (f; JLH); Splenosis (f; HHB; PH2); Stomachache (f; DEM); Stone (f; HHB); Stress (f; EFS); Swelling (1; FNF); Trigeminal Neuralgia (f; MAD); Tuberculosis (f; HHB; MAD); Uterosis (f; FEL); Water Retention (f; CAN; CEB; DAW; MAD); Worm (f; APA; CEB; DAW; FAD; FEL); Wound (f; MAD).

Dosages (Bogbean):
- 0.5 - 1 tsp chopped leaf one-half hour before meals (APA); 10 - 25 grains powdered leaf (FEL); 1 - 2 tsp (1.5-3 g) leaf in hot or cold tea (MAD); 1 - 2 g, perhaps in tea, 3 ×/day (CAN); 1 tsp (= 0.9 g) or 0.5 - 1 g/cup tea, 1/2 cup before each meal (PH2); 1 - 2 ml liquid extract (1:1 in 25% alcohol) 3 ×/day (CAN); 1 - 3 ml liquid extract (1:5 in 45% alcohol) 3 ×/day (CAN); 1 - 15 drops tincture with sugar for seasickness (MAD); 0.5 - 1.5 ml liquid herb extract (PNC). Food farmacy; emergency food in Russia; hops substitute in Germany; tea substitute elsewhere (WOI). Roots used for making mission or famine bread.

Contraindications, Interactions, and Side Effects (Bogbean):
- AHP Class 2b, 2d (JAD). None known (KOM). Hazards and/or side effects not known for proper therapeutic dosages (PH2). Not for patients with colitis, diarrhea, or dysentery (PH2). Should be avoided during pregnancy and lactation (CAN). Large doses may induce diarrhea, gripping pain, nausea, and vomiting (CAN; PH2). Unidentified hemolytic principle. Large doses are emetic and laxative. Betulinic acid is a promising antimelanomic compound. Europeans report success in treating glomerulnephrosis. Decoctions show dose-dependent antiedemic, antiinflammatory, antileukotriene, and antiprostaglandin activity; induced exocytosis.