BIRCH BETULA SPP

BIRCH (Betula spp.) ++

Betula pendula Roth, Betula pubescens Ehrh.
Synonym:
Betula alba L., Betula verrucosa Ehrh. Some taxonomists know that the cop-out approach is to refer to the genus rather than all the poorly separable species of birch. PH2 listed pendula and pubescens, and APA, no more taxonomically adept, added B. lenta, B. pubsecens, B. verrucosa (=B. pendula). Ive added all PH2 activity/indication entries here.

Activities (Birch):
- Analgesic (1; FAD); Antibacterial (1; PH2); Antiinflammatory (1; FAD; SHT); Antimelanomic (1; APA); Antipyretic (1; PHR; PH2); Antiseptic (1; APA); Aquaretic (1; SHT); Astringent (1; PNC); Counterirritant (1; FAD); Depurative (f; APA; PHR; PH2); Diuretic (2; APA; KOM; PIP; PH2); Parasiticide (1; PHR; PH2); Saluretic (1; PHR; PH2).

Indications (Birch):
-Alopecia (f; APA; PHR; PH2); Arthrosis (1; APA); Bacteria (1; PH2); Bladder Stone (2; PHR; PH2); Bronchosis (1; FAD); Cholecystosis (1; FAD); Cystosis (f; APA); Dandruff (f; PHR; PH2); Dermatosis (1; PHR; PH2); Diarrhea (1; PNC); Dyspepsia (f; APA); Eczema (1; APA); Fever (1; APA; FAD; PHR; PH2); Gout (1; APA; FAD; PH2); Gravel (2; KOM; PIP; PH2); Infection (1; APA); Inflammation (1; APA; FAD; SHT); Kidney Stone (2; APA; PHR; PH2); Melanoma (1; APA); Myalgia (1; FAD); Nephrosis (1; KOM; PH2); Neuralgia (1; APA; FAD); Pain (1; FAD); Parasite (1; PHR; PH2); Psoriasis (f; APA; PH2); Pulmonosis (1; FAD); Rheumatism (2; FAD; KOM; PIP; PH2); Scabies (1; PH2); Scrofula (f; FAD); Staphylococcus (1; X10857921); Stomachache (f; FAD); Stone (SHT); Urethrosis (2; KOM); UTI
(2; KOM; PHR; PH2; SHT); Water Retention (2; APA; KOM; PIP; PH2); Worm (f; APA); Wound (f; APA).

Dosages (Birch):
- 1 - 2 tbsp chopped leaf/cup water, several ×/day (APA); 2 - 3 g several ×/day (KOM; PIP); 12 g/day (SHT).

Contraindications, Interactions, and Side Effects (Birch):
- Class 1 (AHP). Contraindications reported as edema due to cardiac or renal insufficiency (AEH). Not for use in edema in patients with cardiac or nephrotic problems. (PH2). None reported (PIP). Health hazards not known with proper therapeutic dosages (PH2). Warning: EO toxic; easily absorbed through the skin (FAD).