ARTICHOKE CYNARA CARDUNCULUS

ARTICHOKE (Cynara cardunculus L. subsp. cardunculus) +++

Synonym :
- Cynara scolymus L.

Activities (Artichoke):
Antiaggregant (1; MAB); Antiatherosclerotic (1; BGB); Antiemetic (1; BGB; MAB); Antiinflammatory (1; APA); Antioxidant (1; MAB); Antispasmodic (1; BGB; SHT); Antitumor (1; APA); Aperitif (1; PH2); Aphrodisiac (f; APA); Bitter (1; APA; PHR; PH2); Carminative (2; BGB); Cholagogue (1; SHT); Cholekinetic (1; SHT); Choleretic (2; CAN; KOM; PH2; SHT); Deodorant (f; MAB); Depurative (f; MAB); Digestive (f; PH2); Diuretic (1; APA; CAN; HHB; MAB); Hepatoprotective (1; APA; BGB; CAN; MAB; SHT); Hepatotonic (1; BGB; CAN; PH2); Hypocholesterolemic (2; BGB; CAN; MAB); Hypoglycemic (1; APA); Hypolipidemic (1; CAN); Laxative (1; MAB); Lipolytic (1; BGB; MAB; PH2; SHT); Nephrotonic (1; MAB); Tonic (f; PHR); Uricosuric (1; MAB).

Indications (Artichoke):
- Albuminuria (f; HHB); Anemia (f; APA); Anorexia (2; MAB; PHR; PH2); Arsenic-Poisoning (1; MAB); Arthrosis (1; APA; MAB); Ascites (1; MAB); Atherosclerosis (1; APA; BGB; HHB; MAB); Bloating (f; APA); Body Odor (f; MAB); Cancer (1; APA); Cardiopathy (1; BGB; CAN; MAB); Catarrh (f; HHB); Cholecystosis (2; PHR; PH2); Cholestasis (1; MAB); Constipation (1; MAB); Cramp (1; BGB; SHT); Dermatosis (f; HHB); Diabetes (1; APA; WOI); Dropsy (f; MAB; WOI); Dyspepsia (2; KOM; PH2); Edema (f; MAB); Flatulence (2; APA; BGB; MAB); Frigidity (f; APA); Gallbladder (2; BGB; PHR; SHT); Gallstone (f; APA; MAB; PHR; PH2); Gas (2; BGB); Gout (1; MAB); Hepatosis (2; CAN; PHR; PH2; SHT); High Cholesterol (2; BGB; CAN; MAB); High Triglyceride (1; APA; CAN; MAB); Hyperglycemia (1; APA); Impotence (f; APA); Inflammation (1; APA); Itch (f; MAB); Jaundice (1; APA; HHB; MAB); Nausea (1; APA; MAB); Nephrosclerosis (f;MAB); Obesity (1; CAN); Oliguria (f; MAB); Pain (1; APA); Renosis (1; MAB); Rheumatism (1; MAB; WOI); Snakebite (f; APA); Stone (f; MAB; PH2); Thick Blood (1; MAB); Tumor (1; APA); Uremia (f; MAB); Vomiting (1; APA; BGB; MAB); Water Retention (1; APA; CAN; HHB; MAB).

Dosages (Artichoke):
- Food farmacy; 2 - 3 (100 mg) capsule StX for 15 mg each caffeoylquinic acids (APA); 1 - 4 g leaf 3 ×/day (CAN); 1.5 - 9 g dry leaf/day (MAB); 1 - 4 g root 3 ×/day (CAN); 1 - 4 g stem 3 ×/day (CAN); 3 - 8 ml fluid extract (1:2) (MAB); 500 mg dry extract (PH2).

Contraindications, Interactions, and Side Effects (Artichoke):
- Not covered (AHP).
Hazards and/or side effects not known for proper therapeutic dosages (PH2). Commission E reports
contraindications of hypersensitivity to artichoke and other Asteraceae; biliary obstruction or
gallstones (AEH; KOM). None expected (MAB). Sesquiterpene lactones are allergenic and may cause dermatosis (CAN).